Proceedings of the Survey Research Methods Section, American Statistical Association (1978)


I. COMPUTER-ASSISTED TELEPHONE INTERVIEWING (CATI)
Chairman: J. WAKSBERG, Westat Research


Computer-Assisted Telephone Interviewing: Design Considerations - ANITRA RUSTEMEYER, U.S. Bureau of the Census; GERALD H. SHURE, MILES S. ROGERS, ROBERT J. MEEKER, University of California at Los Angeles ............... 1

Experiences with CATI in a Large-Scale Survey - WILLIAM L. NICHOLLS II, Survey Research Center, University of California at Berkeley ............... 9

Discussion - D.G. HORVITZ, Research Triangle Institute ............... 18


II. IMPUTATION OF MISSING DATA
Chairman: I. OLKIN, Stanford University


Multiple Imputations in Sample Surveys - A Phenomenological Bayesian Approach to Nonresponse - DONALD B. RUBIN, Educational Testing Service ............... 20

Discussion - HAROLD NISSELSON, ARTHUR P. DEMPSTER, WILLIAM G. COCHRAN, HOWARD WAINER, DAVID HINKLEY, INNIS G. SANDE, CHARLES A. PATRICK ............... 29

Rejoinder - DONALD RUBIN ............... 33


III. IMPROVING RESPONSE VALIDITY
Chairman: L.G. REEDER, UCLA


Respondent Burden - NORMAN M. BRADBURN, University of Chicago ............... 35

The Measurement of a Middle Position in Attitude Surveys - STANLEY PRESSER and HOWARD SCHUMAN, University of Michigan ............... 41

New Interviewing Techniques Designed to Improve Validity of Response - LOIS OKSENBERG, National Center for Health Services Research ............... 49


IV. SOME RESULTS IN SURVEY DESIGN AND ESTIMATION
Chairman: R. PLATEK, Statistics Canada


Evaluation of Efficiency of Synthetic Estimates - P.D. GHANGURDE and M.P. SINGH, Statistics Canada ............... 55

Some Methods for Updating Sample Survey Frames and their Effects on Estimation - J.D. DREW, G.H. CHOUDRY and G.B. GRAY, Statistics Canada ............... 62

Some Recent Applications of Models to Problems of Estimation and Inference from Census Bureau Surveys - ROBERT E. FAY III, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 72


V. FOUNDATIONS OF SURVEY SAMPLING
Chairman: H.O. HARTLEY, Texas A&M University


On Inference and Estimation from Sample Surveys - MORRIS H. HANSEN, WILLIAM G. MADOW and BENJAMIN J. TEPPING ............... 82

Discussion - V.P. GODAMBE, University of Waterloo ............... 92

Discussion - KEITH R. EBERHARDT, Ohio State University ............... 94

Discussion - WILLIAM G. COCHRAN ............... 97

Discussion - CARL ERIK SARNDAL, Universite de Montreal ............... 98

Discussion - OSCAR KEMPTHORNE, Iowa State University ............... 100

Discussion - RICHARD ROYALL, The Johns Hopkins University ............... 102

Response to Discussants - MORRIS H. HANSEN, WILLIAM G. MADOW and BENJAMIN J. TEPPING ............... 103


CONTRIBUTED PAPERS BY TOPIC


I. STATISTICS FOR ALLOCATION OF FUNDS


Statistical Decision and Control Approaches for Allocation of Funds - WRAY SMITH and DAVID ZALKIND, Department of Health, Education and Welfare ............... 108

Effects of Formulas and Data Used on the Allocation of Federal Funds - MARIA ELENA GONZALEZ, Office of Federal Statistical Policy and Standards ............... 114

Teasing Data for Policy Purposes
- WILL S. MYERS, Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations ............... 120

Problems with Data in Selected Formula Funded Programs as Applied to New York City
- EVELYN S. MANN, Department of City Planning and KEN FINLAYSON, Office of Management and Budget ............... 124


II. ISSUES lN SURVEYS OF BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY


Annual Sample Update of the Census Bureau's Monthly Business Surveys - SOL D. HELFAND, LAWRENCE R. IMPETT and MITCHELL L. TRAGER, Bureau of the Census ............... 128

A Generalized Sampling Program for the Current Surveys in the Industry Division - HEINRICH MANTEL and PRESTON J. WAITE, Bureau of the Census ............... 134

Estimation of Consumer Credit at Commercial Banks - STEPHEN TAUBMAN, DARREL PARKE and JULES SHAPIRO, Federal Reserve Board ............... 139

1978 Census of Agriculture - Area Sample Design and Methodology - DAVID D. CHAPMAN and CHARLES E. ROGERS, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 141

An Exact Small Survey Theory for Post-Stratification--Some New Results - D.C. DOSS, University of Alabama at Huntsville; H.0. HARTLEY, Texas A&M University and G.R. SOMAYAJULU, Osmania University, India ............... 148


III. SATELLITE AGRICULTURE SURVEYS


Landsat-Based Large Area Crop Acreage Estimation--An Experimental Study
- R.S. CHHIKARA, Lockheed Electronics Company, Inc. and A.H. FEIVESON, National Aeronautics and Space Administration ............... 155

Assessing the Accuracy of the Landsat-Based Crop Acreage Estimates - E.M. HSU, Lockheed Electronics Company, lnc. and A.G. HOUSTON, National Aeronautics and Space Administration ............... 160

The Use of Regression Estimation with Landsat and Probability Ground Sample Data - RICHARD S. SIGMAN, GEORGE A. HANUSCHAK, MICHAEL E. CRAIG, PAUL W. COOK and MANUEL CARDENAS, U.S. Department of Agriculture ............... 165

Multiphase Crop Acreage Estimation Incorporating Landsat Data
- RANDALL W. THOMAS, University of California at Berkeley ............... 169

Discussion - B.V. SUKHATME, Iowa State University ............... 175


IV. STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE CONTROL


Automated Statistical Disclosure Control - LAWRENCE H. COX, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 177

Statistical Analyses from Summary Data and their Impact on the Issue of Confidentiality - JOSEPH L. GASTWIRTH, George Washington University; ABBA M. KRIEGER, University of Pennsylvania; and DONALD B. RUBIN, Educational Testing Service ............... 183

Discussion - THOMAS B. JABINE, Social Security Administration ............... 189

Data-Swapping--A Technique for Disclosure Control - TORE DALENIUS, Brown University and University of Stockholm and STEVEN P. REISS, Brown University ............... 191

Discussion - DAVID L. ZALKIND, Department of Health, Education and Welfare ............... 195


V. NONRESPONSE AND IMPUTATION ISSUES


Use of Ratio Estimates to Compensate for Nonresponse Bias in Certain Economic Surveys
- ALAN R. TUPEK and W. JOEL RICHARDSON, Bureau of the Census ............... 197

Editing and Imputation of the 1977 Truck Inventory and Use Survey - EDWIN L. ROBISON and W. JOEL RICHARDSON, Bureau of the Census ............... 203

More on Imputing Versus Deleting When Estimating Scale Scores - C.H. PROCTOR, North Carolina State University ............... 209

A Comparison of Three Alternative Techniques for Allocating Unreported Social Security Income on the Survey of the Low-Income Aged and Disabled - SYLVESTER J. SCHIEBER, Social Security Administration ............... 212

An Empirical Investigation of Alternative Item Nonresponse Adjustments - BRENDA G. COX and RALPH E. FOLSOM, Research Triangle Institute ............... 219

Correcting for Undercoverage Bias in Random Digit Dialed National Health Surveys - OWEN T. THORNBERRY, JR. and JAMED T. MASSEY, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 224

Discussion - JOHN C. BAILAR III, National Cancer Institute ............... 230


VI . NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN ESTIMATING MEASUREMENT ERRORS


Open-Ended Segments: Variation on Area Segmenting and List Frame Supplementation - IRENE C. MONTIE and WILLIAM G. MACKENZIE, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 233

Evaluation of Census Population Coverage by Network Surveys - MONROE G. SIRKEN and BARRY J. GRAUBARD, National Center for Health Statistics; RICHARD W. LAVALLEY, Bureau of the Census ............... 239

A Model for Network (Multiplicity) Estimation of Census Undercoverage - ELI S. MARKS and KATHLEEN OCKAY, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 245

Interaction of Survey Questions as it Related to Interviewer-Respondent Bias - CHRISTINA O. GIBSON, GARY M. SHAPIRO, LINDA R. MURPHY, GARY J. STANKO, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 251

The Estimation of Non-Sampling Variances in Current Surveys
- H.O. HARTLEY and PAUL P. BIEMER, Texas A&M University ............... 257

Discussion - A.L. FINKNER, Research Triangle Institute ............... 263


VII. SOME RESPONSE ISSUES IN SURVEYS OF HEALTH AND INCOME


Inferring Health Interview Response Bias from Imperfect Record Checks - KENT H. MARQUIS, The Rand Corporation ............... 265

Health Diaries - LOIS M. VERBRUGGE, University of Michigan ............... 271

Effects of Supplemental Questions on Victimization Estimates from the National Crime Survey - CHARLES D. COWAN, LINDA R. MURPHY and JUDY WIENER, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 277

An Empirical Investigation of Refusal Rates in Consumer Surveys - FREDERICK WISEMAN and PHILIP MCDONALD, Northeastern University ............... 280

Errors in Reporting Supplemental Security Income Recipiency in a Pilot Household Survey - DENTON R. VAUGHAN, Social Security Administration ............... 288

Maximizing Response to Household Income Items: Respondent Selection - JOHN D. HUTCHESON, JR. and JAMES E. PRATHER, Georgia State University ............... 294

Discussion - ROBERT FERBER, University of Illinois ............... 297

VIII. SURVEY METHODOLOGY FOR THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX REVISION

Sample Design(s) for the Consumer Price Index Revision (1978) - CURTIS A. JACOBS, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 299

Within Outlet Item Selection Techniques for the Consumer Price Index Revision - WILLIAM L. WEBER and FRANK R. LAMBRECHT, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 305

Composite Estimation Techniques Used for the CPIR Weights - HARRY MARKS, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 311

Alternative Continuing Point of Purchase Sample Designs - CATHRYN S. DIPPO and WILLIAM D. MCCARTHY, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 316


IX. MULTIPLE FRAME AND OTHER SAMPLE DESIGNS IN AGRICULTURAL SURVEYS

Successive Sampling of Two Overlapping Frames - CHAPMAN P. GLEASON and ROBERT D. TORTORA, U.S. Department of Agriculture ............... 320

Evaluating Alternative Methods for Determining Overlap Domain in Multiple Frame Surveys - RAYMOND R. BOSECKER, USDA ............... 325

A Comparison of Methods to Measure Tree Limbs in the Random Path Technique for Estimating the Set of a Fruit or Nut Tree - NICHOLAS J. CIAICIO and MAX CAIN, USDA ............... 331

The Use of Unequal Probability Sampling to Reduce Respondent Burden - ROBERT TORTORA and KEITH CRANK, USDA ............... 337

Reducing Respondent Burden on an Agricultural Survey - BARRY L. FORD, USDA; R.R. HOCKING and ANNE COLEMAN, Mississippi State University ............... 341


X. RANDOMIZED RESPONSE AND OTHER SURVEY ISSUES

Modifications of the Randomized Response Technique for Sampling Without Replacement - JONG-IK KIM and JOHN A. FLUECK, Temple University ............... 346

An Additive Randomized Response Model - JONG-IK KIM and JOHN A. FLUECK, Temple University ............... 351

A Comparison of the Sensitivity of the Unrelated Question Randomized Response Model with Three Other Data Accumulation Techniques Using Examination Cheating as a Model - RONALD R. ROSENBLATT, Kansas State University and EDWARD L. KELLY, University of Idaho ............... 356

Response Styles in Telephone and Household Interviewing: A Field Experiment from the Los Angeles Health Survey - L.A. JORDAN, A.C. MARCUS and L.G. REEDER, University of California at L.A ............... 362

A Pseudo-Replicate Estimate of Variance for a Function of Sample Means - ALAN FENECH, University of California at Davis ............... 367


XI. SURVEY RESPONSE MEASUREMENT ISSUES


A Managerial Perspective on the Redesign of the National Crime (Victimization) Survey - BENJAMIN RENSHAW, LEAA ............... 372

Some Response Effects of the National Crime Survey - ROBERT G. LEHNEN, Indiana University and ALBERT J. REISS, JR., Yale University ............... 374

Patterns of Personal Series Incidents in the National Crime Survey - RICHARD W. DODGE and HAROLD R. LENTZNER, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 378

A Preliminary Examination of the Effects of Compensation for Interviews on the Response Quality in a Study of Drug Treatment Programs - ROBERT L. HUBBARD and J. VALLEY RACHAL, Research Triangle Institute; HAROLD M. GINZBURG, National Institute on Drug Abuse ............... 383

Effects of Survey Conditions on Victimization Response and Response Quality in Surveying School Crime - DAVID L. BAYLESS, Research Triangle Institute ............... 387


XII. VARIANCE ESTIMATION IN SURVEYS


Relative Computational Efficiency of the Linearized and Balanced Repeated Replication Procedures for Computing Sampling Variances - KURT MAURER, GRETCHEN JONES and EARL BRYANT, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 388

Estimating Sampling Variability in a Multi-Survey Environment - ROBERT H. FINCH, JR., Social Security Administration ............... 392

On Applying the Jack-Knife Procedure to the Ratio Estimator
- PODURI S.R.S. RAO, University of Rochester ............... 395

Design Effects in a Complex Multistage Sample: The Survey of Low Income Aged and Disabled (SLIAD) - ERMA W. BARRON and ROBERT H. FINCH, JR., Social Security Administration ............... 400

Some Theory and Applications of Lattice Sampling - DAVID E. ABBEY, Loma Linda University ............... 406

Discussion - STANLEY LEMESHOW, University of Massachusetts ............... 412


XIII. MISCELLANEOUS SURVEY SAMPLING ISSUES


Optimum Sample Allocation to Different Modes of Enumeration - KIRK M. WOLTER, U.S. Bureau of the Census and DAVID A. PYNE, Johns Hopkins University ............... 414

An Application of Network Analysis to a Sample Allocation Problem - JUDITH C. SCHWENK and THEODORE S. GLICKMAN, U.S. Department of Transportation ............... 420

Edit and Imputation in the Labour Force Survey
- ANIS ASHRAF and IAN MACREDIE, Statistics Canada ............... 425

Large Scale Imputation of Survey Data - M.J. COLLEDGE, J.H. JOHNSON, R. PARE and I.G. SANDE, Statistics Canada ............... 431


XIV. VARIANCE ESTIMATION IN SAMPLE SURVEYS


Some Properties of T Confidence Intervals for Survey Data - CATHY CAMPBELL and MICHAEL MEYER, University of Minnesota ............... 437

The Current Population Survey Variances, Inter-Relationships and Design Effects - GEORGE TRAIN, LAWRENCE CAHOON, U.S. Bureau of the Census; PAUL MAKENS, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 443

Super Carp - MICHAEL A. HIDIROGLOU, Statistics Canada; WAYNE A. FULLER and ROY D. HICKMAN, Iowa State University ............... 444

A Better Alternative to the Collapsed Stratum Variance Estimate
- GARY M. SHAPIRO and DAVID V. BATEMAN, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 451

Large Sample Properties of the Linearization, Jacknife and Balanced Repeated Replication Methods - D. KREWSKI and J.N.K. RAO, Health & Welfare Canada and Carleton University ............... 457

Discussion - PHILIP J. MCCARTHY, Cornell University ............... 461


XV. SURVEY IMPUTATION AND EDITING


Comparison of Two Procedures for Imputing Missing Survey Values - JOHN C. BAILAR, III, National Cancer Institute and BARBARA A. BAILAR, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 462

Weighting to Adjust for Partial Nonresponse
- LAWRENCE R. ERNST, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 468

A Report on the Application of a Systematic Method of Automatic Edit and Imputation to the 1976 Canadian Census - CHRISTOPHER J. HILL, Statistics Canada ............... 474

Imputation in Agricultural Surveys - H.F. HUDDLESTON, U.S. Department of Agriculture; R.R. HOCKING, Mississippi State University ............... 480

Estimation, Imputation, Randomization and Risk Equivalence - CHARLES PATRICK, Statistics Canada ............... 486

Discussion - DARYL PREGIBON, University of Toronto ............... 492

XVI. SURVEY METHODOLOGY FOR INDUSTRIAL INTERNATIONAL PRICE INDICES


The International Price Program of the Bureau of Labor Statistics - EDWARD E. MURPHY, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 494

Surveying International Prices - MARVIN KASPER and RICHARD J. PRATT, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 499

System for Matching Company Documents - J. FINLEY CARPENTER, TROY R. BISHOP, GINGER S. GOUDIE, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 505

Discussion - DAVID C. LUND, U.S. Department of Commerce ............... 509

An Industrial Price Measurement Structure: The Universe Matrix of Producers and Products - T.R. TIBBETTS, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 511

Survey Methods and Theory of the Producer Price Index Revision - STANLEY K. KULPINSKI, STUART J. COHEN, and KATHLEEN G. PEREZ-LOPEZ, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 517

Discussion - CHESTER H. MCCALL, JR, M/M Associates ............... 521

XVII. SAMPLE DESIGN AND ESTIMATION--SOME CONFLICTS AND CONSTRAINTS


Ratio-and Regression-Type Estimators Employing A Priori Knowledge - PAUL H. TOMLIN, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 522

Mileage and Other Complex Estimates, and Some Bias Research on the National Travel Survey - JOAN KAHN, DENNIS SCHWANZ and LARRY CARSTENSEN, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 528

On Link Relative Estimators - LILLIAN H. MADOW, Bureau of Labor Statistics and WILLIAM G. MADOW ............... 534

Discussion - H.O. HARTLEY, Texas A&M University ............... 540

An Application of Multi-Frame Methodology and Measurement Error Research for the 1976 Registration and Voting Survey - CARMA R. HENNING, HENRY F. WOLTMAN and CARY T. ISAKI, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 542

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Rotating the Annual Housing Survey, National Sample from a Nonresponse Point of View
- MASON S. MALMUTH, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 548

Discussion - JOSEPH STEINBERG, Survey Design, Inc ............... 554

XVIII. TELEPHONE INTERVIEWING RESEARCH


Does the Perceived Race of a Telephone Interviewer Affect the Responses of White Subjects to an Attitudes towards Negroes Scale - LINDA FRIEDMAN, Polytechnic Institute of New York and HERSHEY H. FRIEDMAN, Long Island University ............... 556

The Use of the Telephone Interview in Obtaining Information of a Sensitive Nature: A Comparative Study - ANDRE J. SAN AUGUSTINE, Manhattan College and HERSHEY H. FRIEDMAN, Long Island University ............... 559

Discussion - SEYMOUR SUDMAN, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ............... 562

Experiments in Telephone-Personal Visit Surveys - JOHN M. BUSHERY, CHARLES D. COWAN and LINDA R. MURPHY, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 564


XIX. THE NATIONAL HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY: IS IT MEETING THE NEEDS OF DATA USERS?


The National Health Interview Survey: An Overview - ROBERT R. FUCHSBERG, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 570

Re-Evaluation of the Health Interview Survey - GAIL S. POE, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 575

How Can the Health Interview Survey Be More Responsive? - CLINTON E. BURNHAM, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 580

Preliminary Methodological Issues of the National Medical Care Expenditure Survey - MICHELE C. GERZOWSKI and LARRY S. CORDER, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 584

New NCHS Initiatives lnvolving the Health Interview Survey - JAMES T. MASSEY, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 589


XX. RESPONSE ISSUES IN SURVEYS


A Statistical Approach to the Analysis of Item Omission in Mail Surveys - DONALD A. HUGHES, Sears, Roebuck and Company ............... 594

Post-Completion Mail Survey Incentives and Data Quality: An Empirical Investigation - ROBERT A. PETERSON and GRADY D. BRUCE, University of Texas at Austin ............... 599

A Multivariate Model for Response Reliability in Surveys - MILES DAVIS and JOHN MCCOY, Social Security Administration ............... 603

Estimation of Correlated Response Variance - KAROL P. KROTKI, Statistics Canada ............... 609

Optional Recall Period for Discrete Events - DHIRENDA N. GHOSH, Howard University ............... 615


XXI. SOME TOPICS IN SURVEY DESIGN AND ESTIMATION


Nonrespondent Subsampling Schemes for Longitudinal Surveys - JUDITH T. LESSLER and ROBERT E. MASON, Research Triangle Institute; RICHARD A. ROSTHAL, Killalea Associates, Inc.; GEORGE A. PUGH, Decision-Science Applications, Inc.; J. GEORGE CALDWELL, Vista Research, Inc ............... 617

A Sequential Procedure for Estimating the Sample Size Needed for Normal Approximation in Finite Population Sampling - N.M. LALU and P. KRISHNAN, University of Alberta, Canada ............... 621

The Integrated Economic Survey of Saudi Arabia--A Variation on a Theme - ALI RASHID, Central Department of Statistics, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and JOHN RUMFORD, U.S. Bureau of the Census ............... 624

Wealth and Public Policy: The Relevance of SIPP and a Program for Future Research - MARTIN DAVID, University of Wisconsin ............... 626

National Network Surveys of Diabetes - MONROE G. SIRKEN, BARRY I. GRAUBARD, MIRIAM J. MCDANIEL, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 631

Discussion - DHIRENDRA N. GHOSH, Howard University ............... 636

XXII. SAMPLE DESIGN ISSUES


Designing Optimal Integrated Samples Using Nonlinear Programming - RUDOLPH E. SCHWARTZ, Social Security Administration ............... 638

Estimation from a Stratified Random Sample Under Changes in Strata Composition - ARIDAMAN K. JAIN, Bell Telephone Laboratories ............... 642

The Choice of Auxiliary Variables in Multivariate Ratio and Regression Estimators - G.W. LYNCH, University of Ottawa ............... 647

Optimal Batching in Sample Surveys - BENJAMIN KING, University of Washington ............... 652

Some Sample Designs Employing Auxiliary Variables - HOWARD L. JONES ............... 655


XXIII. RECENT SURVEY DATA PROCESSING ACTIVITIES


An Overview of the Canadian Labour Force Survey Data Processing System - lAN MACREDIE, Statistics Canada ............... 658

Data Processing and Data Base Management Innovations--The Panel Study of Income Dynamics - PAULA A. PELLETIER and MICHAEL A. NOLTE ............... 660

Monitoring Survey Field Operations: The National Medical Care Expenditure Survey Automated Control System - MARY B. WOODSIDE, BARBARA A. MOSER and LINDA L. QUINN, Research Triangle Institute ............... 667

Discussion - RUDOLPH C. MENDELSSOHN, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 673

Data Processing and Data Base Considerations for the New NLS Cohort - KARIN STEINBRENNER, National Opinion Research Center ............... 676

Database Management for Large and Complex Surveys - MARGO BRINKLEY, LISA MORRISSEY, ROBERT THORNTON, Research Triangle Institute ............... 679


XXIV. SURVEY METHODOLOGY FOR EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX


The BLS Employment Cost Index: A Conceptual Overview
- VICTOR J. SHEIFER, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 683

Employment Cost Index: Quantifying Concepts - ARTHUR SACKLEY, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 689

General Survey Design Aspects of the Employment Cost Index (ECI) - EASLEY HOY, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 695

Employment Cost Index (ECI)--Estimation Procedures - DOUGLAS A. WRIGHT and STEVEN F. KAUFMAN, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 700

ECI Variance Estimation - HARRY MARKS and DAVID FREVERT, Bureau of Labor Statistics ............... 706

Discussion - JOSEPH STEINBERG, Survey Design, Inc ............... 711


XXV. MISCELLANEOUS ESTIMATION PAPERS


Estimation for Small Areas in Household Surveys
- P.D. GHANGURDE and G.B. GRAY, Statistics Canada ............... 712

Multivariate Raking Ratio Estimation in the 1973 Exact Match Study - H. LOCK OH and FRITZ SCHEUREN, Social Security Administration ............... 716

Some Unresolved Application Issues in Raking Ratio Estimation - H. LOCK OH and FRITZ SCHEUREN, Social Security Administration ............... 723

A Sequential Test of Weak Inequalities: The Prediction of Presidents
- R.A. WEITZMAN, Naval Postgraduate School ............... 720

Simple Approximations to the Variation Norm between Sampling with and without Replacement - CHAIHO C. WANG, U.S. Department of Justice ............... 734

Discussion - RALPH E. FOLSOM, Research Triangle Institute ............... 738

CONTRIBUTED PAPERS-POSTER SESSION

An Algorithm for Calculating Joint Inclusion Probabilities under PPS Systematic Sampling - SUSAN J. PINCIARO, U.S. Department of Transportation ............... 740

Choosing Weights for Composite Estimators for Small Area Statistics - WESLEY L. SCHAIBLE, National Center for Health Statistics ............... 741

A Pollster's Minimal Sample Size - VERNON W. STONE and RUSSELL W. IRVINE, Georgia State University ............... 747